Conservation Area Appraisals in the Yorkshire Dales National Park Settle-Carlisle Railway (PDF).Settle-Carlisle Railway resources handbook illustrated : a listing of printed, audio-visual and other resources including museums, public exhibitions and heritage sites. How they built the Settle-Carlisle Railway. The roof of Wensleydale : a portrait of Wensleydale's two thousand foot fells. The Leeds, Settle & Carlisle railway : the midland route to Scotland. Stations & structures of the Settle & Carlisle Railway. ^ a b "Engineering Timelines - Arten Gill Viaduct".Settle to Carlisle a railway over the Pennines. The Midland Railway : its rise and progress: a narrative of modern enterprise (3 ed.). Telford: Association for Industrial Archaeology. A Guide to the industrial archaeology of Cumbria. Midland Railway north of Leeds : the Leeds-Settle-Carlisle line and its branches (2 ed.). ^ a b "Dent Head and Arten Gill Viaducts".These were prone to collecting snow during heavy winters, and attempts in clearing the snowdrifts involved dispatching the snow over the edge of Arten Gill Viaduct. The route between Blea Moor Tunnel and Garsdale traverses the western edge of Great Knoutberry Hill and so needed several cuttings. Īs indicated by the name of the viaduct, it crosses a steep valley through which the small watercourse of Artengill passes, but also an old pack-horse route eastwards across the moors. The viaduct was also constructed with two sets of widened piers in the middle this was in case of collapse, the widened piers would provide stability, and stop the rest of the viaduct collapsing too. This course, and change of position, also meant that the viaduct bows out slightly eastwards, as it follows the contours of the hill. As designed, the viaduct was intended to cross the Artengill further west (where Great Knoutberry Hill slopes downwards), but by diverting the line eastwards, the viaduct straddled the top of a waterfall, rather than the bottom, saving some 50 feet (15 m) in height. Like many of the viaducts along the line, it was designed by John Sydney Crossley. 2 (Dent Head to Smardale Viaduct, a total of 17 miles (27 km)), and Arten Gill is listed as bridge number 84. The viaduct was constructed by Benton and Woodiwiss as part of Contract No. Each pier of the viaduct is 38 feet (12 m) in circumference, and 15 feet (4.6 m) in diameter at the bottom, tapering to 6.5 feet (2 m) at the base of the each of the arches. ĭue to the loose soil and rock on the valley floor, some of the viaduct piers were rooted to a depth of 55 feet (17 m). The size of the stones also often lead to the breakdown of the lifting gear. There was one recorded fatality during the building process, a worker in the quarry was crushed by a stone, with some of the stones weighing as much as 6 tonnes (6.6 tons). The use of Dent Marble has been attributed to the proximity of the quarry, rather than of the need for that particular type of stone. Most of the Dent Marble used in the viaduct was sourced from a quarry directly underneath the bridge in Artengill, and at least 50,000 tonnes (55,000 tons) of dressed stone was used in its construction. Whilst it is largely constructed of sandstone, the inner arches of the viaduct spans ( soffit) are made from Dent Marble, as opposed to brick, which was normal practice for viaduct building at that time. The viaduct has 11 arches, each of which is 45 feet (14 m) across. Arten Gill Viaduct is 660 feet (200 m) long, and 117 feet (36 m) high, with the parapets being 1,100 feet (340 m) above sea level. The parapets were completed in July 1875, with the date being set into the middle stone on each side of the parapet wall.
Groundwork on site was started in May 1870, with work on the viaduct itself beginning a year later, on.
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